Index (Tabular Format) Sr. No. Chapter Title Page No. 1 Introduction to ADR 1-5 2 Arbitration: Meaning, Scope, and Importance 6-12 3 Arbitration Agreement & Tribunal 13-20 4 Landmark Cases on Arbitration 21-30 5 Conciliation: Meaning, Process & Scope 31-38 6 Landmark Cases on Conciliation 39-45 7 Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) Methods 46-55 8 Lok […]
Students who are preparing for the All India Bar Examination (AIBE), Should see the key provisions of the Indian Evidence Act (IEA), landmark cases, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to strengthen your exam preparation. 📖 Introduction to the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 governs the rules related to the admissibility, relevance, and
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The students who prepare for the All India Bar Examination (AIBE), Should Check key provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (C.P.C)., landmark cases, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to aid in your exam success. 📖 Introduction to the Code of Civil Procedure (C.P.C.) The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (C.P.C.) lays down the procedure for
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Preparing students for the All India Bar Examination (AIBE), Please Check the important provisions of Cr.P.C, landmark cases, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to help law students master this subject. 📖 Introduction to the Criminal Procedure Code (Cr.P.C) The Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (Cr.P.C.) is the procedural law governing criminal cases in India. It defines the
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Students for the All India Bar Examination (AIBE), Should Check important sections of the IPC, landmark cases, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for effective learning. 📖 Introduction to the Indian Penal Code (IPC) The Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) is the primary criminal law in India. It defines various offenses and prescribes punishments. It is divided
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Introduction Constitutional Law of India : The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land, providing the legal framework for governance, fundamental rights, directive principles, and the separation of powers. The All India Bar Examination (AIBE) requires law students to have a strong understanding of constitutional provisions and landmark judgments that have shaped
Introduction Dispute resolution is an essential part of the legal system. However, traditional litigation is often time-consuming, costly, and complex. To address these challenges, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms such as Arbitration, Conciliation, and Mediation have gained prominence. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, governs arbitration and conciliation in India and aligns with international conventions
Introduction Banking law plays a critical role in regulating financial transactions, ensuring stability in banking institutions, and protecting the interests of customers. The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NI Act) governs the use of financial instruments like cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange. This article explores the development of banking, banker-customer relationships, key banking laws,
Introduction Criminology and Penology are two interrelated fields in criminal justice. Criminology studies crime, criminal behavior, and its causes, while Penology focuses on punishment, its effectiveness, and alternative methods of rehabilitation. Both disciplines play a crucial role in shaping laws, policies, and justice systems worldwide. This article provides an in-depth study of Criminology and Penology,
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Labour and Industrial Law in India governs the relationship between employers, employees, trade unions, and the government. It ensures fair treatment, dispute resolution, and protection of workers’ rights. This article provides a detailed overview of labour laws, landmark cases, and their impact on industrial relations. 1. Evolution of Industrial Legislation in India | Labour and
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The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NI Act) is a crucial Indian legislation governing negotiable instruments like cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange. The Act defines the rights, responsibilities, and liabilities of parties involved in negotiable instruments and provides legal remedies for dishonor of cheques. 1. Objectives of the NI Act, 1881 The primary objectives
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1. Formation of Companies 1.1 History of Company Legislation in India | Company Law in India The evolution of company law in India has been significantly influenced by English laws. Some key milestones include: Companies Act, 1850 – The first company legislation in India, based on British laws, which introduced joint-stock companies. Companies Act,
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The Indian Contract Act, 1872 – Detailed Explanation with Examples and Landmark Cases The Indian Contract Act, 1872 governs contracts in India and lays down the rules regarding contract formation, execution, and enforceability. The Act defines the legal obligations between parties who enter into an agreement and ensures that contractual rights and obligations are fulfilled.
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INSURANCE CONTRACT | Format of Insurance Contracts (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Applicable Insurance Laws in India) This Insurance Contract (“Agreement”) is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Insurer: [Insurance Company Name], a company registered under [Applicable Law], having its registered office at [Address], (hereinafter
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CONSTRUCTION & ENGINEERING CONTRACT (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Other Applicable Laws in India) Format of Construction & Engineering Contracts : This Construction & Engineering Contract (“Agreement”) is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Employer/Client: [Full Name/Company Name], a [individual/company] registered under [Applicable Law], having its
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) AGREEMENT (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Applicable Intellectual Property Laws in India) Format of Intellectual Property Contracts : This Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Agreement is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Owner/Assignor: [Owner’s Full Name/Company Name], a [individual/company] registered under [Applicable Law], having
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LOAN AGREEMENT | Format of Loan & Financial Contracts (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Other Applicable Laws) This Loan Agreement is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Lender: [Lender’s Full Name], a [individual/company/bank/financial institution] registered under [Applicable Law], having its registered office at [Address] (hereinafter referred
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REAL ESTATE SALE AGREEMENT | Format of Real Estate Contracts (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Transfer of Property Act, 1882) Format of Real Estate Contracts | This Real Estate Sale Agreement is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Seller: [Seller’s Full Name], a [individual/company] registered under [Applicable
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SERVICE AGREEMENT (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872) Format of Service Contracts | This Service Agreement is made and entered into on [Date], at [Place], by and between: Service Provider: [Service Provider’s Name], a company/individual registered under [Applicable Law], having its registered office at [Address] (hereinafter referred to as the “Service Provider”). Client:
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SALE OF GOODS AGREEMENT (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 & Sale of Goods Act, 1930) Format of Sale of Goods Contracts : This Sale of Goods Agreement is made and entered into on this [Date], at [Place], by and between: Seller: [Seller’s Name], a company/individual registered under [Applicable Law], having its registered office
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FORMAT OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT (As per the Indian Contract Act, 1872) This Employment Agreement is made and entered into on this [Date], at [Place], by and between: Employer: [Company Name], a company registered under [Applicable Law], having its registered office at [Address] (hereinafter referred to as the “Employer”). Employee: [Employee Name], residing at [Employee Address],
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Format of a Business Contract as per the Indian Contract Act, 1872 A business contract should be drafted carefully, ensuring clarity, legality, and enforceability. While the Indian Contract Act, 1872 does not prescribe a fixed format, a well-structured business contract generally includes the following essential components: BUSINESS AGREEMENT/CONTRACT | Format of a Business Contract
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This case deals with the legality of wagering agreements under Indian contract law. Gherulal Parakh and Mahadeodas Maiya entered into a business arrangement involving speculation in forward contracts related to commodities. The transactions were of a speculative nature, meaning they involved betting on future price fluctuations rather than actual delivery of goods. Later, disputes arose,
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This case deals with remoteness of damages in contract law. Hadley & Co., a milling business, owned a flour mill. The mill’s crankshaft broke, and they needed a replacement. They hired Baxendale, a carrier from Pickford & Co., to transport the broken shaft to the manufacturer for a replacement. Hadley told Baxendale that the shaft
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This case deals with the intention to create legal relations in contract law. Mr. Balfour and Mrs. Balfour were a married couple who lived in Sri Lanka (then Ceylon). In 1916, they went to England on leave. However, due to Mrs. Balfour’s health issues, she remained in England while Mr. Balfour returned to Sri Lanka.
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This case deals with communication and acceptance of an offer in contract law. Gauri Dutt, a businessman, sent his servant, Lalman Shukla, to search for his missing nephew. After Lalman had already left to search, Gauri Dutt announced a reward for anyone who found and brought back the missing boy. Lalman eventually found and returned
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This case deals with the competency of minors in contract law under Indian law. Dharmodas Ghose, a minor (below 18 years old), took a loan of ₹20,000 from Brahmo Dutt, a moneylender, by mortgaging his property. At the time of the transaction, the attorney of Brahmo Dutt was aware that Dharmodas Ghose was a minor.
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Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. was a company that manufactured and sold a product called the “Carbolic Smoke Ball,” which was claimed to prevent influenza and other diseases. The company published an advertisement stating that they would pay £100 to anyone who used the smoke ball as directed and still contracted influenza. The advertisement also stated
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